Humans primarily rely on visual perception as the main channel for understanding spatial information from maps. As a result, cartographic design often uses color as a key element for classifying and communicating information, since color allows users to quickly and efficiently distinguish between different data elements. However, in reality, approximately 3% of the global population, or around 300 million people, experience Color Vision Deficiency (CVD). This condition prevents them from clearly distinguishing information conveyed through color in the same way as typical users, which can make interpreting map data more difficult or lead to misinterpretation.

Although contemporary map design often emphasizes visual clarity and aesthetic quality, many systems still rely heavily on color as the primary means of communication. Consequently, users with color vision deficiency may not be able to access map information equally. Furthermore, design approaches that specifically consider this group of users have not yet been widely established as standard practices in map design and spatial interface development.

This study therefore proposes user experience (UX) design approaches for maps and introduces the concept of accessible map design by reducing reliance on color as the sole communication channel. It presents design techniques that enable all users to interpret spatial information more clearly, including the use of accessible color palettes, the creation of visual hierarchy, the application of symbols and texture patterns, and the organization of layout structures that enhance the distinction between different data elements.

The results of this study lead to the development of accessible map design standards that can be applied to real-world map interfaces. The outcomes are summarized in the form of a design checklist and a set of resources for GIS developers and designers, providing guidelines that help maps communicate information effectively for users with different visual abilities.