This research on gender and hydrogeology examines the representation, barriers and experiences of women in the field. Statistical data reveals clear gender inequality. In 2010, the IAH in Italy had 67 male members (M) and only 7 female members (F) (9%). By 2024 IAH membership had grown to 231, with 32% being F, indicating progress, but persistent underrepresentation in senior academic roles.
Among academic members, few F have achieved full professorships. Compared to 12 M full professors and 6 retired M full professors, there is only 1 F full professor and 1 retired F full professor in IAH Italy. Bibliometric indices for F associate professors are the same as those of their M counterparts, with a median H-index value of 16. For researchers, median H-index values for M are higher than the F median (16 vs 10). However, the 2 F full professors in the association have H-indexes significantly higher than the M median, highlighting the greater contribution required to achieve the same position. Indeed, the underrepresentation of F in senior academic positions remains a pressing issue that needs attention.
Women in geological research face challenges including: discrimination in securing employment; discrimination throughout their career progression; prejudice linked to motherhood affecting visibility and participation of younger F researchers. Their absence from the workplace and lower participation in activities like field trips and/or summer schools is often tied to societal expectations and family responsibilities. Instead of receiving support during these crucial career phases, F researchers may find M colleagues using these opportunities to advance their own careers.
F hydrogeologists are often overlooked, marginalized or ignored, despite their significant contributions. To close the gender gap, it is crucial to recognize and highlight the valuable input that women bring to the field of hydrogeology, ensuring they receive deserved acknowledgment and opportunities.