Low-enthalpy geothermal energy has been identified as a sustainable solution for urban heating and cooling, with open-loop systems efficiently harnessing aquifer resources. This study introduces a novel methodology that integrates Geographic Information System (GIS) tools with classical hydrogeological equations to assess the potential of geothermal aquifers in urban environments. A comprehensive bibliographic analysis underpins the approach, drawing on fundamental models such as Darcy’s Law, the Thiem-Dupuit formulations, and the Cooper & Jacob method. These established equations are combined with high resolution spatial data to evaluate groundwater flow, aquifer transmissivity, and well interference parameters. The methodology produces geothermal potential maps that identify zones with optimal water availability and adequate well spacing, providing a reliable preliminary assessment tool before engaging in complex numerical simulations. A case study in an urban environment demonstrates the effectiveness of the method in delineating suitable areas for open-loop geothermal applications, thereby addressing challenges related to spatial constraints and resource variability. Preliminary results indicate that the approach can estimate flow rate extraction and water thermal power, providing valuable quantitative insights. This innovative approach not only enhances the understanding of aquifer behaviour under low-enthalpy conditions, but also offers essential decision-making support for urban planners, policymakers, and energy stakeholders. By combining classical hydrogeological theories with modern GIS capabilities, the framework significantly contributes to the strategic development of low-carbon energy solutions and the sustainable deployment of open-loop geothermal systems.